My Philosophy of Education Essay - 1215 Words

Philosophy of Education For many individuals, choosing a career is one of the hardest decisions to be faced with. The majority of students in college spend their first year stressing about what they are going to do with the rest of their life. I, fortunately, have known since I was in middle school that I wanted to be an elementary school teacher. As a future teacher I feel that essentialism and progressivism are going to be my unique philosophies of education. It is very important to know the nature of your students. I strongly believe that all children can be taught, but not all at the same level. All children have different levels of learning. Some students may be faster learners than others. It is very important, especially†¦show more content†¦It is important to love children when entering the education field. Teachers who do not love children are not only making themselves miserable but they are also depriving students of a good education and mentor. I want my students to respect me as I will respect them. I want to make learning fun for them. I also want them to leave my class with a positive attitude. Most of all I want my students to do their best. This leads into my behaviorist views of positive reinforcements. This will be a major role for me as the teacher to play. I plan to reward my students everyday. Whether it be for attendance or for turning their work in on time. I will use only positive words with my students in order to encourage them. Rewards, as positive reinforcement will motivate the students to keep trying their best at all times. Being a positive and enthusiastic teacher makes the classroom a very successful learning environment. There are many methods in teaching. I feel that direct teaching is a very effective method, and I am going to use this method. I think it is important to emphasize basic skills to students. Students must learn basic skills in order to master new material. In direct teaching, teachers maintain control of the classroom. I want to have complete control of my class at all times. I am planning to put my class in straight rows facing me. This will allow me to see everyone in class at all times. It also makes it easier to do things with theShow MoreRelatedMy Philosophy On The Philosophy Of Education844 Words   |  4 PagesIn mathematics, as in life, everything must be brought to the simplest of terms. I base my teaching philosophy on the foundation that every student is capable of learning mathematics. I will strive, as a teacher, to ensure that my students are able to have a strong foundation of mathematical skills when they leave my classroom. Some students believe that they are not mat hematically gifted; therefore, incapable of learning mathematics. I believe to the contrary, all students with motivation, sustainedRead MoreMy Philosophy On Philosophy Of Education852 Words   |  4 PagesMy Philosophy of Education My philosophy of education is founded on a belief that all students have a desire to learn and to feel accepted. Learning takes place when students are able to have their specific needs meet inside the classroom, to feel accepted in the environment, and find the learning to be meaningful. I believe that before learning can take place a proper educational environment must be present inside the classroom. In order to make any classroom work I believe you need meet three criteriaRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education As A Education864 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent philosophy of education, and what purpose education serves in a child’s life. The five philosophies of education that we recognize are: Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, Social Reconstructionism, and Existentialism. I would most recognize my philosophy of education as Essentialism. Essentialism has been a dominant influence in American education since World War II. It focuses on core curriculum of traditional academic topics. I believe that the purpose of education is teachingRead MoreMy Philosophy of Education824 Words   |  4 Pages13 February 2011 My Philosophy of Education I believe that progressivism educational philosophy most closely matches my educational ideals. In my opinion based on the progressivism educational philosophy, the purpose of education is to enable students to learn useful knowledge that has meaning to them in the future. Thus, the most useful education for students is the skill of â€Å"learning how to learn†. When students understand the methodsRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education And Education1038 Words   |  5 PagesMy Philosophy of Education When trying coming up with a personal philosophy of education, I had to ask myself what the purpose of education is. To me, the purpose of education is to teach students knowledge that is needed to make it through school and to succeed in the world after graduation. Anyone can go into teaching, but not every teacher can teach. Teachers go above and beyond to introduce methods, philosophies, and strategies to help their students learn, as well as, retain the informationRead MoreMy Education Philosophy 1511 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Mission Statement Education is the imparting and acquiring of knowledge and skills through teaching and learning. As an educator, my personal mission statement is to master my subject area in order to serve as a role model for my students thereby producing students who thoroughly understand the subject matter, and who develop holistically. In order to achieve this goal I must have a set education philosophy with a strong Christian worldview. I must also have a general understanding of theRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education1056 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy of Student Engagement My philosophy of education is that every child should receive high quality education that is inclusive, relevant and meaningful to their life. I am a firm believer of making pedagogy relatable to my students. My vision is driven by my personal experiences with the American school system. I was what is thought of as â€Å"A child at risk†. I am an immigrant, black, Muslim student. My life is transactional as I am a part of multiple marginalized groups. Most of my teachersRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education And Education864 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy of Education Children are the future and their education is the key to our society’s success. When considering this, I realize I have an immense responsibility as an educator. The main focuses of my teaching are active learning, building character within students, and providing meaningful curriculum. I want to create a comfortable setting where every student feels safe to learn. In many ways, my philosophy agrees with the holistic approach to education. I feel this challenges the studentRead MoreMy Philosophy on Education814 Words   |  3 PagesMy Philosophy of Education I think when I made the decision to become a teacher I was not thinking the seriousness of this decision. When we become teachers we also become the molder that will shape our student to be successful in life. But when you decide to become a teacher in a Christian school you are not only shaping this student to be successful in life but we are also shaping their Christian mind to do things with a feeling knowing that they are shape and where made by the image of GodRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education1015 Words   |  5 Pagesimmediately sparked my interest in becoming an educator and share my personal beliefs on the important aspects of education. In addition to this, I will present various traits I believe are essential and critical for teachers to successfully fulfill their role as an educator. During my elementary years, I developed an urge to frequently ask many questions during the school day. Being able to question anything was astonishing to me. This was because my parents were unable to answer my questions and help

African American Women Have Suffered From Psychological...

For years, African American Women have suffered from psychological and physical oppression. During Enslavement, Black women were treated worse than men. They had no control over their bodies and were used as tools for the white slave owners’ enjoyment. Submission was expected, and therefore any form of resistance would have led to a series of whippings. Unfortunately, the abuse was not only received from the slave masters, but from the mistresses as well. Filled with envy, they would verbally and physically attack the female slaves and made it their goal to break them down mentally. Even after the abolition of slavery, black women still struggled to maintain their well-being. Jim Crow Laws prevented them from gaining any form of†¦show more content†¦Female slaves were subjected to cruel punishments, and rape. They were forced to remain intellectually inferior and bear their master’s children to increase the labor for the plantation. While enslaved, Jacobs endur ed many cruelties. She had to protect herself from her master s sexual advances and her mistress’s abuse. (Jacobs 30). Having faith as well as the values she received from her grandmother was indeed helpful in keeping her sane. However, that is sometimes not enough when your well-being is constantly threatened. The slave owners demoralized the female slaves and essentially turned them into tools. This as a result torn these women both physically and mentally. Not being able to control their bodies was devastating, but the fact that these enslaved women had no say over their own creation made things even worse. This is exemplified in Harriot Jacobs’s Narrative and Frances E.W Harper’s poem the â€Å"The Slave Mother†, for both reveal the pain of either having your child taken away from you and sold to another plantation far away; or in Jacobs case, not being able to touch your children despite them being so close. In the poem, Harper states â€Å"He is not hers, although she bore/for him a mother’s pains; /He is not hers, although her blood? /is coursing through his veins!† (17-20). Enslaved women were deprived of the ability to raise their own

Cyberstalking Essay Example For Students

Cyberstalking Essay CYBERSTALKINGThe World Wide Web and Internet are great places to study, work, or even play. But there is an ugly side of cyberspace. Cyberspace reflects the real world and some people tend to forget that. Cyberstalking and harassment are problems that a large number of people (especially women) are realizing. (Jenson, 1996, p.1)Just because an individual owns a computer and has an Internet account do not assume that person is considerate or respectful. There are just as many stalkers in cyberspace as anywhere else. It’s just that their methods have changed. Some stalkers might harass you by following you through live channels not being able to take no for an answer and bothering you with email messages. In some cases this harassment may become a systematic campaign against you; where your harasser bombards you with threatening messages of hate and obscenities. (1996, p.3) The stalker may even trace your home address and telephone number, causing not only emotional distress but possibly physical danger. It should come as no surprise to you that the stalkers are making use of this technology to harass people and prey on the innocent. There have been many examples of cyberstalking crossing over in to real life stalking. And those users who have been victims of cyberstalking, tell a similar story, that no one took the harassment serious until it became real life stalking. Cyberstalking can be a devastating experience for a person online. But in cyberspace people say things like â€Å"well just turn off your computer† and â€Å" you can’t be hurt on the Internet, it’s just words†. (Laughren, 1998, p.1) The online stalking is just as frightening and distressing as off-line stalking, and just as illegal. Anyone can be stalked online, but statistics show that the majority of victims are women. Women are the minority of the internet population, which means their attention is generally fierce competition between male users. (Jenson, 1996, p.3) Cyberstalking and online harassment are easy to practice than real life stalking. In cyberspace, a stalker can harass their victim without ever having to leave the comfort of their own home, or have any witnesses to the crime. Online users are vulnerable to stalking in the following three areas. Live chat rooms or IRC, this is the most common place for cyberstaking. Message boards and Newsgroups, and Email box; a user has the ability to write anything and even attach files to the email. Another common area regarding cyberstalking is at the â€Å"edu† sites, which are educational institutes, such as colleges and universities. One user might know another user personally and interacts on the internet anonymously starting the cybertalk. One student can enter the internet as easily as another student, therefor not letting his or her true identity be known. If you are being harassed online by a cyberstalker, the chances are you are not the first person they have stalked. Cyberstakers, like other predators, are opportunists. They know what they are looking for and know how to get it. Stalking is a power crime, the stalker has the power to make you suffer and enjoys that power. (Laughren, 1998, p.4) A stalk er’s self-esteem rises when they attack your self-esteem. The more pain and suffering they can cause, the better they feel about themselves. The best protection against becoming a target of stalking is not to reveal anything personal that you might have in common. Often, stalkers are mentally unstable, paranoid, delusional, and extremely jealous, and have extremely low self-esteem. Stalking is a form of obsession. The difference between a normal cyber harasser and a cyberstalker, is the harasser moves on to others and forgets you and a stalker will come back to stalk you another day. (Jenson, 1996, p.5) The Internet enables the stalker, his powers, in most cases, merely knowledge of the technology is all that’s required to stalk another person online. Note that educated, smooth talking, responsible people can also be stalkers, appearing to be a perfect gentlemen or lady with perfect manners. A major clue to cyberstalking is when the stalker pushes for information regar ding your personal life, private life, or life away from the net. A simple rule of thumb is to never give any personal information over the Internet. .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .postImageUrl , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:hover , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:visited , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:active { border:0!important; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:active , .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u789db4a5a546b168181c691749c5981a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Technology affects educations EssayTechnology Essays

The Ancient Ruler Himiko Essay Example For Students

The Ancient Ruler Himiko Essay Pimiku or Himiko( ) in Japanese Historical references The shaman Queen Himiko is recorded in various ancient histories, dating back to 3rd century in China, 8th century in Japan, and 12th century in Korea. Chinese resources The country formerly had a man as a ruler, for some seventy or eighty years after that there were some disturbances and warfare. Thereupon the people agreed upon a woman for their ruler, her name was Himiko, She occupied herself with magic and sorcery, bewitching the people. Though mature in age, she remained unmarried; she had a younger brother who assisted her in ruling the country. She had one thousand women as attendants, but only one man. She resided in a palace surrounded by towers and stockades with armed guards in a state of constant vigilance. Japanese resources Both of the two oldest Japanese histories Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) nor Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan) mentions queen Himiko, and even if Himiko were known to the authors, they may have purposefully not to include her. However, according to Japanese legend, Himiko was the daughter of the emperor Suinin, who gave her custody of the sacred mirror, symbol of the Sun Goddess. Korean resources The oldest Korean history book Samguk Sagi (Chronicles of the three kingdoms) records that queen Himiko sent an emissary to King Adalla of Silla. Historians disagree about the location of the land ruled by Pimiku (Himiko). The History of Wei states that Pimiku resided in Yamatai which means gateway to the mountains, located on an island southeast of Korea. This might indicate that Yamatai was in Northern Kyushu. The similarity of the names might signify that Yamatai was actually Yamato in central Honshu. The History of Wei states Pimiku died in the middle of the third century.

Personal Values for the Bsn Student free essay sample

Discuss how you demonstrate this value. Altruism: â€Å"Devotion to the welfare of others, regard for others, as a principle of action; opposed to egoism or selfishness† (Britannica Online, 2008). Altruism is taking care of others regardless of your personal feelings. Nurses demonstrate altruism in many ways. They are devoted to their patients while working in any healthcare setting, they take action when a patient needs them to, they work with patients regardless of personal feelings in situations of race, culture, or ethnicity. Personally, I demonstrate the value of altruism in many ways. Currently I work in education and not on the floor. I believe that in my position I am providing hospital staff very important information so that they are able to give the best possible care to patients on the floor. Autonomy: Autonomy is a person’s ability to decide to act on or control their own actions when faced with different situations. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Values for the Bsn Student or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Oxford dictionary defines it as: â€Å"Liberty to follow ones will, personal freedom† (Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2008). Nurses demonstrate autonomy by making sure that their actions are appropriate to their ability. Effective nurses recognize their personal limits and strengths. The nursing process is an important aspect of this recognition. Autonomy is demonstrated in the ability I have to control my actions. Situations have arisen where I do not agree with a choice my patient has made. My first instinct would be to react one way but I have been able to realize that this is not the best way to handle the situation. Human Dignity: The term dignity is defined as the state of being worthy of honor or respect (The Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2008). Human dignity is a concept that â€Å"all human being possess inherent worth and deserve unconditional respect, regardless of age, sex, health status, social or political ideas, religion, or criminal history. † (Wikipedia, 2008). Nurses demonstrate human dignity in many ways. On a daily basis, nurses are caring for patients who have health problems requiring care that may intrude on their personal space and comfort levels. A nurse will respect a patient’s dignity by trying to cover or drape the patient during invasive procedures, they realize that certain things happen with age, and nurses respect a patient’s religious or political ideas. Human dignity is something that I believe I achieve as a nurse. Because I do not work on the floor I achieve this in different ways. I try to educate the nurses in my classes about the different tools available in the software program and how this can help to improve patient safety. I show them the tools they can use to document religious preferences so that other staff members are able to respect the patient. I try to understand â€Å"how they practice with respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of all individuals† (Kalb O’Connor-Von, 2007 p. 196), and how this correlates with an EMR. Integrity: â€Å"Soundness of moral principle; the character of uncorrupted virtue, esp. in relation to truth and fair dealing; uprightness, honesty, sincerity† (Wikipedia, 2008). Integrity is a principle that drives a person to do what they feel to be â€Å"right†. Nurses are able to work with a high level of integrity. As nurses, exposure to medical records happens on a daily basis. Nurses show their morals by only using these records to perform their job effectively. Laws like HIPPA exist to help prevent behavior like this from happening. My belief is the vast majority of nurse’s would not â€Å"snoop† without HIPPA. Integrity is something that I take very seriously. In my position I have access to medical records all across a hospital facility. I could very easily access someone’s chart just to see what is happening, or I could look something up with a malicious intent. I believe that my integrity stops me from doing any of these inappropriate behaviors. Social Justice: Social Justice is generally thought of as a world which affords individuals and groups fair treatment and an impartial share of the benefits of society† (Wikipedia, 2008). Social justice is a principal that people govern themselves by both politically and personally. Social justice is very similar to many of the other values that have been discussed. Nurses are socially just in their ability to provide the same level of care to patient’s regardless of personal beliefs. Nurses also are socially just with co-workers everyday in the ability to work as a collaborative team. Social justice is a very easy value to live by. I believe that I train my classes fairly every day. I am training all staff at the hospital and I understand that not everyone has the same knowledge that another person has. Being mindful of these differences allows me to teach the appropriate topics to the appropriate people. I would not teach a CNA how to document on a MAR since this is a duty that is not in their scope of practice.

What Makes a Sample of Essay History Paper a Mirror?

What Makes a Sample of Essay History Paper a Mirror?If you're looking for a sample of essay history paper, then I've got a question for you. What sort of student am I? What sort of ideas do I possess?These are questions that have been bothering me for some time now. I'm always left asking: Am I an essay writer or an essay historian? And sometimes the answer comes as a surprise to me - sometimes.Essays are not exercises at all. They are written not only for the purpose of passing it, but also for the purpose of taking history. In other words, the essay writer has to pass on a history of the world which his reader can connect with. History is something that we all need to remember, something that we all need to feel.A sample of essay history paper should not be a blueprint of our history. It should be a mirror of our past. Some writers prefer to focus on an individual or a particular event, and others like to focus on the general aspects of the course. This is why this essay history pa per can differ a lot from one author to another.Every historical events is interesting in its own way, and that is what makes history so fascinating. You can read about a king who reigned in Rome, or the revolution that brought the French to power. When you read about this, you would enjoy more if it was a story that you could relate to - because it would be something that you can connect with, whether it's a way of life that came about because of historical events.Therefore, it is important to think of the essay history paper as a mirror. It will reflect the way you are, and the way you see the world. So you can't write a history essay paper if you don't have a mirror.It's your duty to pass on a history of the world - and it is up to you to connect with this in the best way possible. It is your duty to think of what kind of person you are, and what kind of history you want to write. Once you get the idea, you can go ahead and write a historical essay in a way that reflects the valu es of the person you are.So go ahead and prepare a history of the world by thinking of the importance of events and people, and how you can bring it out in your essay. Once you start thinking about these things, you'll see the mirror you need to write with in your history of the world.

Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy

Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy Introduction This article focuses on alcohol abuse by Quentin McCarthy. It uses the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) to evaluate McCarthy’s stage of dependency and provides possible interventions for recovery. Overall, the article shows that McCarthy must receive an appropriate diagnosis, placement options, and treatment modalities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to McCarthy’s wife, McCarthy used to drink to have good time, but today, he drinks because he needs alcohol. This makes McCarthy a good candidate for health care professional evaluation and intervention because his condition shows hazardous drinking and alcohol dependence. Screening instrument: the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) MAST developed in 1971 by Selzer is the most commonly used yes or no questionnaire that has 25 questions, which consist o f true or false options (Zung, 1982). These choices are of significant concerns on â€Å"legal, medical, and psychosocial problems, control of alcohol intake among people with alcohol problems† (Zung, 1982). The aim of MAST is to determine the extent of alcohol consumption based on responses provided and formulate strategies of helping the agent with regard to excess consumption of alcohol. One can easily administer the MAST as a form of semi-structured interview or survey questionnaire. The process is simple once the agent has taken the survey. It involves summation of all the scores of the items in the survey. Items may have unique weight assigned in order to rate the extent of the problem. The evaluator can obtain the aggregate score and decide on the suitable recommendation for the patient or he can be the scores on a given cut-off points when screening alcoholism. Previous studies have indicated the need to improve the MAST based on the length of the questionnaire and di fferent conditions that may influence the respondent (Zung, 1982; Shields, Howell, Potter and Weiss, 2007). All the items in MAST focus on â€Å"symptoms of problematic drinking and negative consequences associated with the use of alcohol† (Shields et al.,2007). Respondents who get high scores indicate high rates of alcohol problem, which requires intervention.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The MAST provides advantages to users because it offers multidimensional approaches to the evaluation of alcohol problem. However, scholars do not agree on the exact number of such factors (Shields et al.,2007). Evaluators who use the MAST believe that it relies on a single aggregate score, but there are some minor changes to questions. This makes the approach to provide uniform results of respondents. The MAST solves the challenge of defining alcoholism conditions in different stages, which has been a major source of concern to evaluators. Hence, evaluators have relied on the MAST and other test scores to gauge alcohol problem and provide their professional opinions after diagnoses. The MAST is a simple tool that overcomes challenges of rating alcohol problem. Diagnosis (a complete 5-axis diagnosis).  McCarthy’s alcoholism diagnosis using axes McCarthy displays alcohol–related psychiatric conditions. Clearly, heavy use of alcohol has affected and altered brain chemical and hormonal systems, which affect the development of many mental disorders related to mood and anxiety. One can observe these symptoms and sings. The client also has alcohol–induced psychiatric syndromes. These conditions (mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders among others) have resulted from the broad range of alcohol psychological effects associated with heavy drinking. Axis I: Clinical Disorders Anxiety disorders Although anxiety disorder may be present in the ge neral population, McCarthy has developed anxiety disorder due to dependence on alcohol. This is an alcohol-induced depression. The onset and the course of McCarthy’s anxiety disorder follow patterns associated with the temporary alcohol withdrawal. Bipolar Disorder Studies have shown that bipolar disorder, which is mainly mania or manic–depressive illness is the second disorder after anxiety disorder in axis I disorder. Bipolar disorder results from heavy drinking and alcohol dependence. McCarthy is a maniac patient who has become a heavy consumer and dependent on alcohol.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Diagnosing this condition can present considerable challenges. This may occur due to underreporting of symptoms or incorrect answers in the survey, complex mood changes from alcoholism, limited diagnostic accuracy, related conditions wi th similar symptoms, and involvement in pleasurable activities with friends to get business in return (common among manias). McCarthy did not depend on other drugs other than alcohol. This has not complicated his condition and the diagnosis process. In other cases, accurate diagnosis is necessary through a careful analysis of the patient history in order to discover past tendencies and chronological order of alcoholism because several patients with bipolar disorder also abuse other drugs other than alcohol. Independent Major Depression Past studies have shown that many treatment-seeking alcoholic patients experience mood disturbances. Although mood disturbances may not be severe disorder, it is common among people with alcohol problem because mood disorder affects most alcoholics at some points during their drinking period. McCarthy’s mood disorder falls in the following three categories. Abrupt and short effects of alcohol depressant on his cognitive functions An organized series of symptoms and signs that indicate alcohol-induced disorder with depressive signs A major disorder that exists alongside other mental problems prior to drinking periods A careful analysis and classification of depressive conditions in McCarthy reveals that he suffers from a comorbid depressive conditions. Although there are contentious issues about the exact cause- and-effect association between alcoholism and depression, depressive cases may predate early before patients start alcohol consumption. Alcohol causes alcohol-induced mood disorder among people with alcohol problems. It is possible that McCarthy also experiences depressive cases of a major depressive disorder. In other words, he used to suffer depressive order before starting to consume alcohol, and then later fueled the depressive disorder with alcohol. This condition may persist even for a long period after abstinence. Some studies have established that forms of depressive disorders differ among patients. There were cases of alcohol-induced depression and independent depressive disorder having diverse characteristics. A further analysis of the patient history, social relations, drug use, alcoholism treatment, and suicide attempts could show variations in disorders.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation McCarthy shows several signs of alcohol dependence and psychiatric disorders. Alcoholism dependence relates with many forms of psychiatric disorder, which may develop irrespective of alcohol consumption and abuse. These independent disorders made McCarthy to be prone to alcohol abuse and other related problems. McCarthy displays one of the most common disorders among people with alcohol problem. He has antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), which is within the second axis. Although McCarthy kept his fights to a moderate level, he was still anti-social. Moreover, he only drank with people in order to sell them insurance policies. McCarthy also shows signs of obsessive or compulsive disorder in the manner he consumes alcohol. As a result, McCarty has developed a long and consistent pattern of irresponsibility and abuse of his business associates’ rights. McCarthy can no longer sell insurance to his clients because of the co mpulsive disorder to consume alcohol consistently. In short, McCarthy’s business associate was not comfortable because her husband was â€Å"doing business with a lush†. Axis III: General Medical Condition These are mainly physical medical problems, which people with alcohol problems exhibit. They are critical for understanding the mental conditions of a client or in controlling the client’s mental disorders. For instance, McCarthy’s doctor informed him that the constant pain above his navel was an ulcer. Hence, McCarthy had to stop drinking for the sake of his health. Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems McCarthy has experienced several challenges related to his job. Many customers have deserted his insurance business blatantly. However, one long-time client of the agency left the business after his wife commented that she was not comfortable that he was â€Å"doing business with a lush†. This departure injured McCarthy’s pride and his business. Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning McCarthy already faces problems related to economic or loss of customers, occupation, and social issues due to alcohol dependency. Forty: McCarthy shows severe impairment in areas related to work, job, and social relations, judgment, mood, and anxiety. Treatment placement options McCarthy has been postponing his decision to get help from professional because of alcohol problem. Interventions from the family and social networks of people with alcohol problem may help them to recognize that they have alcohol problem. However, professional advice is the best advice for people with alcohol problems. Hence, McCarthy will require such help. Given the severe impairment that McCarthy experiences in various areas, such social, economic, psychological, and occupational, multi-treatment strategy is the best approach in his case. These may include brief intervention, counseling, and residential programs among others. Obviously, McCarthy has a serious alcohol problem. He has already lost control on alcohol consumption. The aim of the intervention is to stop his drinking habit and enhance quality of life. McCarthy requires a multidisciplinary approach in order to tackle his alcohol dependency. Detoxification and withdrawal The initial treatment for McCarthy would be detoxification. This process may not exceed seven days. The client may need to get sedating drugs in order to eliminate chances of uncontrollable shaking delirium, confusion, and other symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal. Detoxification procedures require McCarthy to be in the inpatient department for effective treatment. The alcohol treatment specialist must establish skills and learning plan for McCarthy. McCarthy and the specialist must set goals, identify behavior change methods, effective self-help manuals, counseling seasons, and follow-up treatment strategies. Psychological counseling McCarthy has severe psychosocial problems due to alcoho lism. Counseling for McCarthy would be an effective approach. This would allow the client to comprehend his alcohol challenges and acknowledge recovery programs from psychological perspectives. He may also attend group counseling. McCarthy can also attend couple therapy and counseling because he has a wife. The wife must recognize that her role is critical in helping McCarthy to stop drinking. Oral medications Alcoholism treatment also involves oral medications. Certain drugs (disulfiram) normally stop people from alcohol consumption. However, they are not instant solutions to alcoholism because of compulsive or obsessive disorder among alcohol addicts. This drug works by inducing unpleasant feeling whenever one takes alcohol. These may include nausea, flushing, severe headache, and even vomiting. Another oral drug is Revia or Naltrexone. This works by inhibiting good feelings and ideas associated with drinking alcohol. It lessens the urge to drink and prevent addicts from alcohol c onsumption. In addition, Campral lessens craving for alcohol. This drug does not induce nasty feelings and sickness after administration. Oral treatment may be effective for McCarthy. Injected medication McCarthy may also consider injected medication for his alcohol problems. There are many injected drugs for people with alcohol dependency problems. Injection may be once in a month by alcohol recovery specialists. There are oral versions of these drugs, but injection may be effective for McCarthy because of consistency that the recovery process requires. Continuing Support McCarthy also requires continuing supports during and after the program. The major roles of support programs are to help rehabilitated alcohol addicts to improve, recover, stop alcohol consumption, control cases of relapse, and adjust to normal lifestyles and diets. McCarthy will require psychological support groups, medical care, or get help from Alcoholics Anonymous. Intervention for psychological challenges McC arthy has several and severe mental health disorders because of alcoholism. These also require effective therapies, which may include counseling, psychotherapy and psychological interventions, and antidepressants. Behavioral therapy and anti-depressants may help McCarthy to alleviate depression, anxiety, and other challenges associated with mental conditions due to alcohol dependency. Treatment for other conditions McCarthy has already developed ulcer and constant pain in his abdomen. These are serious conditions, which require immediate medical attention. In addition, excessive consumption of alcohol may also cause liver problems, high blood pressure, heart problems, and high glucose levels. In addition, McCarthy must note that he will experience several health problems related to withdrawal from alcohol consumption. Hence, aftercare must account for these conditions and treatment. Treatment modalities McCarthy would require different treatment modalities in order to cope with with drawal challenges. Brief Interventions This has been the most popular form of alcoholism treatment modalities. Besides, the modality is popular among scientists and researchers. Professionals that tackle alcoholism provide brief interventions to their clients. A brief intervention is a process that involves evaluation of a client’s alcohol consumption tendencies in order to ascertain whether such habits are harmful to his or her health and lifestyle. A brief intervention for McCarthy would show that alcohol dependency has negatively affected his life. McCarthy would require a referral to a thorough treatment. This modality may be appropriate for people who have alcoholism challenges because of several repeated interventions. Hence, it may be effective than other modalities. Several and fast evaluations by a professional would reveal whether McCarthy has the ability and readiness required to change his drinking habits. Brief Motivational Enhancement Professional therapists and psychologists conduct this modality for people with alcohol problem. This modality aims to improve a client’s motivation in order to alter his or her drinking habits. In the case of McCarthy, the therapist would focus on his inner abilities to change. The approach does not depend on pressure from external factors. The evaluator must discover the underlying factors that influence McCarthy to continue drinking alcohol. The aim is to solve the indecision, but McCarthy must make the decision as an individual. This modality does not rely on direct persuasion because direct persuasion does not work for people with alcohol consumption. Instead, the evaluator must create a condition in which the client may feel comfortable. In addition, the evaluator must not be judgmental. The aim is to get the client to make the necessary changes. One must note that the desire to change one’s drinking habits requires personal commitment. Overall, it requires effective interaction, communica tion, empathy, and evaluation of the problem by the interviewer. Acamprosate: a GABA Agonist This is a relatively new modality for alcohol problem intervention. The modality has been in use since 2004 when the US authorized it. A GABA Agonist causes alteration in chemicals within the clients’ brain in order to reduce alcohol consumption. However, this modality has side effects. The modality causes allergic reaction in some people, changes in blood pressure, heartbeats, impotence, or possibly insomnia. Naltrexone works by inhibiting opiate receptors in the brain. This process results in impairing the desire to drink alcohol. Such modalities may work best alongside other interventions, such as behavioral therapy. Community Reinforcement Approach Therapists and psychologists believe that their clients can recover quickly with the help of families, friends, and the community. Therapists want patients to stop drinking by ensuring that they acquire the right motivational level, ach ieve sobriety, understand their own drinking tendencies, seek for positive support, and acquire new skills in order to adjust to new lifestyles. This modality goes beyond the professional’s office, and it requires effort and coordination of all friends, families, and the community. Self-Help Manuals Although self-help manuals do not seem like the best approaches for people with alcohol problems, they are also effective modalities alcoholism. Clients must make effort and attend the recovery intervention modalities like Alcoholics Anonymous sessions. These are sources of interactive sessions for such people. A Smorgasbord of Modalities Researchers believe that evaluators should use any modalities based on their effectiveness on specific clients. Hence, the approach to modality selection should be eclectic. In this respect, evaluators should base their decisions on informed choices, and they must understand how different clients react to various modalities. Moreover, it is imper ative to inform people with alcohol problem and their families about possible prolonged struggle with alcoholism in order to avert the possibility of destroying social, economic, and personal health. Conceptualization of the etiology of the client’s addiction One must understand etiology of McCarthy’s drinking problem by focusing its root and origins. For instance, McCarthy was hyperactive and the class clown in early days, poor performance at school, and a sense of guilt. Several factors shaped the development of McCarthy’s drinking problems. While in the army, McCarthy started to drink moderately, he fought, and avoided troubles. McCarthy claims that he started during in order to sale his policies for people. Finally, McCarthy’s drinking problem got severe after he became the sole owner of the business. McCarthy drank with his customers, made a lot of money, and had ready access to alcohol, failed attempts to stop, including failure of the Alcoholics An onymous. Initially, McCarthy drank to have a good time, but he later became an addict who needed alcohol to keep going. Summary McCarthy’s alcohol problem evaluation using the MAST shows severe symptoms of anxiety, depression, antisocial and business behaviors, psychosis, and physical pain. Hence, McCarthy needs multidisciplinary approaches in order to manage his alcohol problem. Such strategies would help McCarthy to struggle and stop drinking. References Shields, A., Howell, R., Potter, J., and Weiss, R. (2007). The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and Its Shortened Form: A Meta-Analytic Inquiry Into Score Reliability. Substance Use Misuse, 42, 1783–1800. Zung, B. J. (1982). Evaluation of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) in Assessing Lifetime and Recent Problems. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(2), 425-439.